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Related Concept Videos

Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...

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In vitro antileishmanial activity of Aloe vera leaf exudate: a potential herbal therapy in leishmaniasis.

Avijit Dutta1, Goutam Mandal, Chitra Mandal

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India.

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Aloe vera leaf exudate (AVL) shows potent in vitro activity against leishmaniasis parasites. AVL demonstrates direct leishmanicidal effects and enhances host macrophage activation, suggesting its potential as an antileishmanial agent.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Parasitology
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Aloe vera is widely used in health products, but its leaf exudate efficacy remains understudied.
  • Leishmaniasis is a significant parasitic disease with various clinical manifestations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro antileishmanial efficacy of Aloe vera leaf exudate (AVL).
  • To investigate the mechanism of AVL's action, including host macrophage activation.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro susceptibility testing of promastigotes and axenic amastigotes of Leishmania species against AVL.
  • Assessment of host macrophage activation via reactive oxygen species release.

Main Results:

  • AVL exhibited susceptibility across Leishmania strains causing cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral leishmaniasis (IC50: 100-180 µg/ml).
  • AVL showed higher efficacy against axenic amastigotes of L. donovani (IC50: 6.0 µg/ml).
  • AVL induced host macrophage activation, evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species production.

Conclusions:

  • Aloe vera leaf exudate possesses direct leishmanicidal activity.
  • AVL's efficacy is potentially enhanced by activating host macrophages.
  • AVL is a promising antileishmanial agent warranting further pharmacological research.