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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...

RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

Experimental RNAi

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

Types of RNA

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Published on: August 18, 2010

Development of new RNAi therapeutics.

G Liu¹, F Wong-Staal, Q-X Li

¹Immusol, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

Histology and Histopathology

|December 7, 2006

Summary

RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics offer a promising new avenue for drug discovery by enabling gene inactivation. Innovations in delivery and design are overcoming challenges for effective RNAi-based treatments.

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology

Background:

RNA interference (RNAi) is crucial for gene function studies, underpinning drug discovery.
RNAi-based drugs present an alternative therapeutic approach, potentially accelerating development.
Significant technological and biological hurdles impede the clinical translation of RNAi therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the progress of RNAi therapeutics in drug development.
To discuss innovations addressing pharmacokinetic and biological limitations.
To highlight applications in preclinical models and human trials.

Main Methods:

Review of recent advancements in nucleic acid chemistry, formulations, and delivery systems.
Analysis of strategies to mitigate off-target effects, interferon response, and miRNA interference.

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Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Published on: September 5, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Published on: August 18, 2010

High-throughput Screening for Broad-spectrum Chemical Inhibitors of RNA Viruses

High-throughput Screening for Broad-spectrum Chemical Inhibitors of RNA Viruses

Published on: May 5, 2014

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Published on: September 5, 2016

Examination of preclinical data and clinical trial outcomes for local diseases.

Main Results:

Innovations in chemistry, formulation, and delivery are enabling effective RNAi therapeutics.
Careful design, informed by RNAi/miRNA biology, can minimize tissue toxicity.
Favorable results have been observed in human trials for local diseases.

Conclusions:

RNAi therapeutics hold the potential to revolutionize drug development if systemic application is achieved.
Overcoming limitations like poor pharmacokinetics and biological restrictions is key to success.
Continued research and innovation are vital for realizing the full potential of RNAi-based treatments.