Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2026
07:46
Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples
Published on: October 1, 2016
Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis in pharmaceutical analysis
Laurent Geiser1, Jean-Luc Veuthey
1Laboratory of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne,Geneva, Switzerland.
Electrophoresis
|December 7, 2006
Summary
This review explores background electrolytes (BGEs) in non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) for pharmaceutical analysis. NACE offers advantages over traditional capillary electrophoresis (CE) for various drug and phytochemical analyses.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Separation Science
- Pharmaceutical Analysis
Background:
- Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful separation technique.
- Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) expands CE applications beyond aqueous media.
- Background electrolytes (BGEs) are crucial for effective NACE separations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review solvents and electrolytes used as BGEs in NACE.
- To highlight NACE applications in pharmaceutical analysis since 1998.
- To compare NACE with conventional aqueous CE for pharmaceutical compounds.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of NACE applications.
- Categorization of NACE applications into four key areas.
- Tabulation of NACE methods for drug analysis, chiral substances, phytochemicals, and biological fluids.
Main Results:
- Identified diverse solvents and electrolytes employed as BGEs in NACE.
- Presented extensive NACE applications for pharmaceutical compounds.
- Demonstrated NACE's utility in analyzing drugs, chiral compounds, phytochemicals, and drugs in biological matrices.
Conclusions:
- NACE is a versatile technique for pharmaceutical analysis.
- NACE offers distinct advantages over conventional aqueous CE for specific applications.
- The choice of BGE is critical for optimizing NACE performance in pharmaceutical analysis.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Electrophoresis: Overview
Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
There...
01:30Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
01:20Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation
Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
01:09Ion-Exchange Chromatography
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
01:05High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process
In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
01:08Size-Exclusion Chromatography
In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...