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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the...
Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import

Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...

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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

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Specific recognition of the basic N peptide by an RNA.

Junji Kawakami1, Hisanori Tokitoh, Yoshiatsu Tanabe

  • 1Frontier Institute for Biomolecular Engineering Research, 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8501, Japan.

Nucleic Acids Symposium Series (2004)
|December 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel artificial protein-RNA binding model using a small hairpin loop RNA. This new model specifically recognizes a bacteriophage lambda N peptide, outperforming naturally occurring binders.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Artificial binding systems are crucial for understanding biological interactions.
  • Protein-RNA interactions are fundamental to cellular processes.
  • Bacteriophage lambda N protein and its boxB RNA interaction is a well-studied model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a new, highly specific artificial protein-RNA binding model system.
  • To investigate the binding capabilities of a novel hairpin loop RNA.
  • To compare the specificity of the new RNA binder against a known natural binder.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro selection of a small hairpin loop RNA from a diverse library.
  • Characterization of the selected RNA's binding affinity and specificity.
  • Comparative analysis with the natural boxB RNA and bacteriophage lambda N protein interaction.

Main Results:

  • A novel small hairpin loop RNA was successfully selected.
  • The selected RNA demonstrated high specificity for the target basic peptide derived from bacteriophage lambda N protein.
  • The new RNA binder exhibited superior specificity compared to the natural boxB RNA.

Conclusions:

  • A new artificial protein-RNA binding model system has been established.
  • This model offers enhanced specificity for studying protein-RNA interactions.
  • The findings provide a valuable tool for molecular biology research.