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Related Concept Videos

Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement
06:58

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Published on: June 25, 2016

[Trichloroethylene intoxication presenting with temporal seizures].

E Mutez1, E Le Rhun, M P Perriol

  • 1Service de Neurologie et Pathologie du Mouvement, EA 2683, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHRU Lille.

Revue Neurologique
|December 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Trichloroethylene (TCE) inhalation can cause temporal seizures and psycho-organic syndrome. Neuropsychological disorders from TCE exposure may selectively affect the temporal lobe, with potential for stabilization.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a widely used industrial solvent.
  • TCE is recognized for its neurotoxic effects on both peripheral and central nervous systems.

Observation:

  • A case study of a 32-year-old male presenting with temporal seizures after voluntary inhalation (huffing) of TCE.
  • The patient developed a psycho-organic syndrome, characterized by cognitive dysfunction, memory deficits, and personality changes.

Findings:

  • Clinical presentation, electroencephalographic, and brain imaging data suggest a selective impact of TCE on the temporal lobe.
  • Neuropsychological disorders observed in the patient stabilized four months post-exposure, with no further seizures reported.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for severe neurological consequences from intentional TCE abuse.
  • Suggests TCE-induced neurotoxicity may exhibit specific regional vulnerability, particularly within the temporal lobe.