[Neuroendocrine laryngeal cancers]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Otorhinolaryngology
• Pathology

Background:

• Neuroendocrine laryngeal cancers are rare malignancies.
• This study presents two distinct cases to illustrate clinical and diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

• Case 1: A 60-year-old male with right pyriform fossa and supraglottic laryngeal cancer, presenting with sore throat, dysphagia, and hemoptysis. Treatment involved total laryngectomy, partial pharyngectomy, and selective neck dissection. The patient survived one year post-treatment but passed away in the second year from unknown causes.
• Case 2: A 46-year-old male with intra-arytenoid region tumor, initially presenting with dysphagia and voice fatigue. Histopathological diagnosis was complicated, with initial findings of poorly differentiated carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma before a final diagnosis of neuroendocrine cancer post-laryngectomy.
• Both patients underwent total laryngectomy, with the second patient showing no recurrence during a two-year follow-up.

Findings:

• Neuroendocrine laryngeal cancer diagnosis can be challenging, requiring thorough histopathological evaluation.
• Surgical intervention, including total laryngectomy, is a primary treatment modality.
• Prognostic and therapeutic factors for this rare cancer require further investigation.

Implications:

• Increased awareness and improved diagnostic strategies are needed for neuroendocrine laryngeal cancers.
• Further research into the pathology, clinical behavior, and treatment of these tumors is warranted.
• Accurate histopathological diagnosis is critical for appropriate patient management and treatment planning.