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Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Experimental Methods for Efficient Solar Hydrogen Production in Microgravity Environment

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Published on: December 3, 2019

[Awards to Hajime Hoshi dedicated from Germany].

¹Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo.

Yakushigaku Zasshi

|December 13, 2006

Summary

Hajime Hoshi

Area of Science:

Scientific Philanthropy
Germany-Japan Relations
History of Chemistry

Background:

Hajime Hoshi's significant donation to Germany's chemistry community post-WWI.
The establishment of the Hoshi fund to aid scientific recovery.
The impact of this support on German scientific society and public morale.

Discussion:

Analysis of awards presented to Hoshi by Germany.
Examination of the historical context of these accolades.
The role of these awards in symbolizing Japan-Germany cultural exchange.

Key Insights:

Awards to Hoshi reflect profound gratitude from the German scientific community.
The donation fostered resilience and hope within German chemistry.
The accolades underscore a unique period of international scientific cooperation.

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Experimental Methods for Efficient Solar Hydrogen Production in Microgravity Environment

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Workflow and Tools for Crystallographic Fragment Screening at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin

Workflow and Tools for Crystallographic Fragment Screening at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin

Published on: March 3, 2021

Outlook:

Further research into the specific nature and recipients of the awards.
Exploring the long-term impact of Hoshi's philanthropy on scientific collaboration.
Understanding the broader implications for cultural diplomacy in science.