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Related Concept Videos

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Strategies of Self-Presentation II: Self-Verification01:17

Strategies of Self-Presentation II: Self-Verification

Self-verification is a fundamental psychological drive wherein individuals seek affirmation of their self-concept from others, striving for consistency between their internal self-view and external perceptions. This drive operates even when the self-concept is negative, influencing interpersonal behavior and feedback preferences in complex and often counterintuitive ways. Unlike the self-enhancement motive, which seeks positive evaluations, self-verification prioritizes coherence and...
Understanding Deception01:14

Understanding Deception

Deception is a pervasive aspect of human communication. Empirical studies have shown that most individuals engage in some form of deceit on a daily basis, with approximately 20% of social exchanges involving deceptive elements. Lying follows a developmental trajectory, peaking during adolescence and declining with age, possibly due to the maturation of cognitive control and social accountability.Cognitive and Social Factors in Deception DetectionDespite its prevalence, accurately detecting...
Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
Self-Awareness and Its Effects01:21

Self-Awareness and Its Effects

Self-awareness is a psychological state in which the individual becomes the focal point of their attention. This inward focus transforms the self into an object of contemplation and assessment, influencing how individuals perceive their actions and their alignment with personal and societal standards.Triggers and Contexts for Self-AwarenessSelf-awareness can be activated by external stimuli that make individuals visually or audibly aware of themselves, such as mirrors, cameras, or recordings.

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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
06:53

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

[Enhancement between self-realization and self-deception].

Bernward Gesang1

  • 1Philosophisches Institut, Universitat, Universitatsstrabe 1, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. gesangbe@gmx.de

Ethik in Der Medizin : Organ Der Akademie Fur Ethik in Der Medizin
|December 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Technical human enhancement is morally acceptable under specific conditions. This analysis explores human nature, autonomy, and the ethics of enhancing adults versus children, rejecting strict prohibitions.

Keywords:
Analytical ApproachHealth Care and Public Health

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Philosophy of Technology
  • Human Enhancement Ethics

Context:

  • The rapid advancement of technology raises profound ethical questions regarding human enhancement.
  • Debates surrounding human enhancement often center on preserving human nature and individual autonomy.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the moral implications of technical human enhancement.
  • To address concerns about human nature, autonomy, personality, and the differential ethics of enhancing adults versus children.
  • To evaluate the moral distinction between reversible and irreversible enhancements.

Summary:

  • This work defends a moderate liberal stance on human enhancement.
  • It argues that enhancement is not inherently morally unacceptable, provided certain conditions are met.
  • Arguments against the enhancement of children, such as those by J. Habermas, are critically examined and rejected under specific circumstances.

Impact:

  • Provides a framework for ethically evaluating human enhancement technologies.
  • Contributes to the ongoing discourse on bioethics and the future of humanity.
  • Suggests that conditional acceptance of enhancement is a viable ethical position.