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The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

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Elements are the smallest units of matter that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes. There are 118 known elements, but not all of these are naturally occurring, and only a few of them are essential for life. Living matter is composed primarily of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, with smaller amounts of other elements like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. Other elements are also necessary for life but only in trace amounts.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Published on: March 29, 2018

Mercury exposure in dental practice.

Alev Atesagaoglu¹, Huma Omurlu, Eren Ozcagli

¹Department of Endodontics and Conservative Treatment, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey. aatesagaoglu@yahoo.com

Operative Dentistry

|December 13, 2006

Summary

Occupational mercury exposure in dental professionals did not show cytogenetic damage. However, mercury from seafood consumption warrants further investigation for potential health risks.

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An Anaerobic Biosensor Assay for the Detection of Mercury and Cadmium

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Published on: December 17, 2018

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants

Published on: March 29, 2018

An Anaerobic Biosensor Assay for the Detection of Mercury and Cadmium

An Anaerobic Biosensor Assay for the Detection of Mercury and Cadmium

Published on: December 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Occupational health
Toxicology
Genetics

Background:

Elemental mercury in dental amalgam is controversial due to occupational exposure risks for dental professionals via skin contact or inhalation.
Understanding the health risks associated with mercury vapor in dental settings is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the health risks of occupational mercury vapor exposure in dental professionals.
To investigate potential cytogenetic damage and blood mercury level correlations in dentists.

Main Methods:

Cytogenetic examination of leukocytes using the alkaline comet assay.
Measurement of blood mercury levels via Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
Comparison of dentists exposed to mercury vapor (<0.1mg/m(3)) with controls.

Main Results:

No significant cytogenetic damage or related correlation was found in dentists exposed to mercury vapor below 0.1mg/m(3).
Higher cytogenetic damage and blood mercury levels were observed in control groups with mercury intake from seafood consumption.
These findings suggest seafood consumption as a potential confounding factor or independent risk.

Conclusions:

Occupational exposure to mercury vapor below 0.1mg/m(3) in dental professionals did not appear to cause cytogenetic damage.
Mercury intake from seafood consumption requires further study due to observed higher cytogenetic damage and blood mercury levels.
Future research should differentiate occupational mercury exposure from dietary sources.