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Related Concept Videos

Newman Projections02:06

Newman Projections

Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
The organic molecules rotate across the single bonds leading to numerous temporary three-dimensional structures of varying energy known as conformers.
Fischer Projections02:18

Fischer Projections

Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines. While...
Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments02:36

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:
VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes02:52

VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes

Overview of VSEPR Theory
VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs04:01

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry
Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions02:54

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

Field-free three-dimensional alignment of polyatomic molecules.

Kevin F Lee1, D M Villeneuve, P B Corkum

  • 1Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada.

Physical Review Letters
|December 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

We demonstrate field-free, three-dimensional alignment of molecules using femtosecond laser pulses. This technique avoids rotational revivals, making it more robust for molecular imaging and dynamics studies.

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Molecular Physics
  • Quantum Control

Background:

  • Random molecular orientation hinders detailed analysis in experiments.
  • Controlling molecular alignment is crucial for advanced spectroscopic and imaging techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate field-free, three-dimensional alignment (FF3DA) of asymmetric top molecules.
  • To develop a temperature-robust method for molecular alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two time-delayed, orthogonally polarized, nonresonant femtosecond laser pulses.
  • Applied the technique to sulfur dioxide gas.
  • Probed alignment using time-delayed coincidence Coulomb explosion imaging.

Main Results:

  • Achieved field-free, three-dimensional alignment of sulfur dioxide molecules.
  • The method does not rely on rotational revivals, enhancing robustness.
  • Demonstrated a novel approach to molecular orientation control.

Conclusions:

  • Field-free, three-dimensional alignment is experimentally feasible.
  • This technique offers a significant advantage over methods requiring rotational revivals.
  • FF3DA is vital for maximizing information in molecular imaging, dynamics, and spectroscopy.