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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

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Critical current oscillations in strong ferromagnetic pi junctions.

J W A Robinson¹, S Piano, G Burnell

¹Department of Material Science, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|December 13, 2006

Summary

We observed oscillations in critical current for niobium (Nb) Josephson junctions with ferromagnetic barriers (Co, Ni, Py), indicating repeated 0-pi phase transitions. Cobalt barriers show promise for practical superconducting pi-shift devices.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Superconductivity
Materials Science

Background:

Josephson junctions are fundamental devices in superconductivity.
Ferromagnetic Josephson junctions offer unique properties due to spin-superconductive interactions.
Understanding phase transitions in these systems is crucial for novel electronic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of ferromagnetic barrier materials (Co, Ni, Py) on Nb Josephson junctions.
To analyze the critical current oscillations and 0-pi phase transitions.
To evaluate the suitability of these junctions for superconducting pi-shift devices.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of niobium (Nb) Josephson junctions with cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), and nickel-iron (Ni80Fe20 or Py) ferromagnetic barriers.
Magnetic and electrical measurements to characterize junction properties.
Analysis of critical current dependence on barrier thickness.

Main Results:

Observed multiple oscillations in critical current with varying barrier thickness for all tested materials.
Demonstrated repeated 0-pi phase transitions in the superconducting order parameter.
Showed that Co barrier devices align well with clean limit theories.
Identified a large critical current times resistance (IcR(N)) value in the pi state for Co barriers.

Conclusions:

Ferromagnetic barriers in Nb Josephson junctions exhibit thickness-dependent critical current oscillations and 0-pi phase transitions.
Cobalt barriers are particularly well-suited for the development of superconducting pi-shift devices due to their favorable IcR(N) in the pi state.
These findings advance the understanding and application of exotic Josephson junction behavior.