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Application of an augmented reality tool for maxillary positioning in orthognathic surgery - a feasibility study
Robert A Mischkowski1, Max J Zinser, Alexander C Kübler
1Department of Craniomaxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. J.E. Zöller). r.mischkowski@uni-koeln.de
Background:
An augmented reality tool for computer assisted surgery named X-Scope allows visual tracking of real anatomical structures in superposition with volume rendered CT or MRI scans and thus can be used for navigated translocation of bony segments.
Methods:
In a feasibility study X-Scope was used in orthognathic surgery to control the translocation of the maxilla after Le Fort I osteotomy within a bimaxillary procedure. The situation achieved was compared with the pre-operative situation by means of cephalometric analysis on lateral and frontal cephalograms.
Results:
The technique was successfully utilized in 5 patients. Maxillary positioning using X-Scope was accomplished accurately within a range of 1mm. The tool was used in all cases in addition to the usual intra-operative splints. A stand-alone application without conventional control does not yet seem reasonable.
Conclusion:
Augmented reality tools like X-Scope may be helpful for controlling maxillary translocation in orthognathic surgery. The application to other interventions in cranio-maxillofacial surgery such as Le Fort III osteotomy, fronto-orbital advancement, and cranial vault reshaping or repair may also be considered.
