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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
Published on: May 18, 2018
Dendritic cells post-maturation are reprogrammed with heightened IFN-gamma and IL-10
Chang-Qing Xia1, Ruihua Peng, Mani Annamalai
1Department of Pathology, Immunology, Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, USA. xia@pathology.ufl.edu
Abstract:
Mature dendritic cells (mDCs) undergo "exhaustion" in producing cytokines. Nevertheless, whether this "exhaustion" of mDCs is selective to certain cytokines, or whether mDCs have specific cytokine-producing profiles has yet to be defined. Herein, we investigated the cytokine production in vitro by immature DCs (iDCs) and LPS-induced mDCs. Compared to iDCs, mDCs produced comparable levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Strikingly, mDCs produced significantly higher IFN-gamma and IL-10. IL-12 production of mDCs was suppressed. Kinetic studies of the responses of iDCs and mDCs to LPS or CD40L showed that mDCs acquired progressively heightened activity in producing IFN-gamma and IL-10. TNF-alpha-, IL-6-producing capability of mDCs was maintained. Nevertheless, IL-12 production by mDCs was not recovered at any time point. Mature DCs were potent in priming both Th1 and Th2 cells. In conclusion, upon maturation, DCs are reprogrammed with a distinct cytokine-secreting profile, which may play an important role in regulating T cell functions.
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