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Salmonella typhimurium meningitis in an adult patient with AIDS

K Swe Swe1, G Nagel, M Van der Westhuizen

  • 1Department of Microbiological Pathology, Medunsa Campus, University of Limpopo, and the National Health Laboratory Services, Pretoria, South Africa.

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|December 13, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Salmonella meningitis is rare in adults, but this case highlights a Salmonella typhimurium infection in an HIV-positive man. Prompt cefotaxime treatment led to a full recovery without neurological issues.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Salmonella meningitis is an uncommon complication of Salmonella sepsis, predominantly seen in pediatric populations.
  • Adult cases of Salmonella meningitis are rare, necessitating awareness of atypical presentations.

Observation:

  • A case of Salmonella typhimurium meningitis in an adult male with HIV is presented.
  • The patient exhibited symptoms including fever, diarrhea, dehydration, oral thrush, lower limb weakness, and neck stiffness.

Findings:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures confirmed Salmonella typhimurium.
  • The isolate was characterized as non-lactose fermenting, oxidase-negative, H2S-positive, and motile.
  • Intravenous cefotaxime therapy was initiated empirically.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the possibility of Salmonella meningitis in immunocompromised adults.
  • Effective treatment with cefotaxime resulted in a favorable outcome without neurological sequelae.
  • Highlights the importance of considering Salmonella in the differential diagnosis of meningitis in HIV-positive individuals.

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