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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
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Microvessel density in human normal and neoplastic parathyroids.

Paolo Viacava1, Guido Bocci, Giovanni Fanelli

  • 1Division of Surgical, Molecular and Ultrastructural Pathology, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy. p.viacava@med.unipi.it

Endocrine Pathology
|December 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Angiogenesis, measured as microvascular density (MVD), is an early event in parathyroid tumors. In parathyroid adenomas, MVD is heterogeneous and inversely related to tumor size and hormone levels.

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Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
07:13

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation

Published on: March 14, 2017

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
07:12

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Information on angiogenesis in parathyroid pathology, especially carcinomas, is limited.
  • Understanding microvascular density (MVD) is crucial for analyzing neoplastic progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate angiogenesis by quantifying MVD in normal parathyroid glands, adenomas, and carcinomas.
  • To correlate MVD with anatomoclinical parameters such as tumor size and hormone levels.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry using CD34 marker on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded parathyroid specimens.
  • Quantification of MVD by counting microvessels per mm².
  • Statistical analysis of MVD data against tumor size, serum calcium, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.

Main Results:

  • Parathyroid adenomas exhibited heterogeneous MVD, with 82% showing >100 microvessels/mm².
  • MVD in adenomas was inversely related to serum intact PTH concentration and tumor diameter (p < 0.05).
  • Normal glands and carcinomas generally had lower MVD (<100 microvessels/mm²).

Conclusions:

  • Angiogenesis is an early event in parathyroid neoplastic progression, not strictly correlating with tumor size.
  • MVD in parathyroid adenomas is heterogeneous and linked to endocrine activity and tumor size.