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Antecedent priming at trace positions in children's sentence processing.

Leah Roberts1, Theodore Marinis, Claudia Felser

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|December 13, 2006
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Summary

Children with larger working memory spans reactivate moved sentence parts at gap sites, unlike those with smaller spans. This suggests working memory capacity influences how quickly sentence elements are processed and linked.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Understanding sentence processing in children is crucial for developmental linguistics.
  • Filler-gap dependencies, where a sentence element is separated from its grammatical role, are complex linguistic structures.
  • Working memory capacity is known to influence cognitive task performance, but its specific role in child language acquisition is still being explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether children reactivate moved constituents at their gap positions during sentence processing.
  • To determine how working memory span affects the processing of filler-gap dependencies in children.
  • To compare processing strategies between children and adults with varying working memory capacities.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-modal picture priming experiment was conducted with 46 children (5-7 years old) and 54 adult controls.
  • Participants completed a standardized working memory capacity test.
  • Antecedent reactivation at gap sites was measured using priming effects.

Main Results:

  • A significant interaction was found between working memory span and antecedent reactivation.
  • High-span children and adults demonstrated antecedent priming at the gap site.
  • Low-span children and adults did not show evidence of antecedent reactivation at the gap site.

Conclusions:

  • High working memory capacity facilitates the reactivation of dislocated arguments at gap positions in both children and adults.
  • The absence of this effect in low-span individuals suggests a potential delay in integrating moved constituents.
  • Findings highlight the role of working memory in complex syntactic processing during language acquisition and in adults.