Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Coagulation

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...

Methods of Medium Optimization

Methods of Medium Optimization

Optimizing growth media enhances microbial proliferation and maximizes product yield. Statistical experimental design methodologies provide structured and reproducible approaches, offering progressively higher levels of robustness and efficiency.The One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) MethodThe One-Factor-at-a-Time (OFAT) method involves adjusting a single variable while keeping all others constant. However, it cannot detect interactions between variables, often leading to suboptimal outcomes when...

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological wastewater treatment relies on the metabolic activity of microorganisms to remove pollutants from sewage. In modern treatment systems, this process is organized into sequential stages that progressively reduce solid material, dissolved organic matter, and microbial contamination. Each stage plays a distinct role in improving water quality and preparing the effluent for safe discharge or reuse.Primary and Secondary TreatmentPrimary treatment is a physical process that removes large...

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are employed to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Porous (PVDF-HFP/PANI/GO) ternary hybrid polymer electrolyte membranes for lithium-ion batteries.

RSC advances·2022

Same author

Fatty acid profile from immobilised Chlorella vulgaris cells in different matrices.

Environmental technology·2017

Same author

A re-audit to evaluate the use of nutrition screening tool in the National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC) at Stoke Mandeville Hospital.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN·2017

Same author

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical staff towards obesity management in patients with spinal cord injuries: A UK, Netherland, Belgium and the Republic of Ireland survey.

Clinical nutrition ESPEN·2017

Same author

Optimization of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane fabrication for protein binding using statistical experimental design.

Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry·2016

Same author

Retinol binding protein and vitamin D associations with serum antibody isotypes, serum influenza virus-specific neutralizing activities and airway cytokine profiles.

Clinical and experimental immunology·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts

Published on: April 9, 2016

Optimization of coagulation-flocculation process for pulp and paper mill effluent by response surface methodological

A L Ahmad¹, S S Wong, T T Teng

¹School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. chlatif@eng.usm.my

Journal of Hazardous Materials

|December 13, 2006

Summary

Optimizing pulp and paper wastewater treatment using coagulation-flocculation achieved 99% total suspended solids removal. The study identified optimal coagulant dosage and pH for efficient water recovery and sludge reduction.

More Related Videos

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes

Published on: December 12, 2013

Optimization of the Epimedii Folium Mutton-Oil Processing Technology and Testing Its Effect on Zebrafish Embryonic Development

Optimization of the Epimedii Folium Mutton-Oil Processing Technology and Testing Its Effect on Zebrafish Embryonic Development

Published on: March 17, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts

Procedure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Flocculants for the Removal of Dispersed Particles from Plant Extracts

Published on: April 9, 2016

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes

Published on: December 12, 2013

Optimization of the Epimedii Folium Mutton-Oil Processing Technology and Testing Its Effect on Zebrafish Embryonic Development

Optimization of the Epimedii Folium Mutton-Oil Processing Technology and Testing Its Effect on Zebrafish Embryonic Development

Published on: March 17, 2023

Area of Science:

Environmental Engineering
Water Treatment Technologies
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Coagulation-flocculation is an established method for treating wastewater laden with high concentrations of suspended solids.
Pulp and paper mill wastewater presents unique challenges due to its high suspended solids content.
Optimizing process variables is crucial for maximizing efficiency and achieving desired treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize the coagulation-flocculation process for pulp and paper mill wastewater.
To determine the ideal coagulant dosage and pH for enhanced total suspended solids (TSS) removal, reduced sludge volume index (SVI), and increased water recovery.
To develop predictive models for treatment efficiency based on operating parameters.

Main Methods:

Application of central composite face-centered design (CCFD) and response surface methodology (RSM).
Systematic variation of coagulant dosage and pH as key operating variables.
Statistical analysis including Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to develop quadratic models and assess variable interactions.

Main Results:

Significant interactions between coagulant dosage and pH were observed for TSS removal and SVI.
No significant interaction was found between coagulant dosage and water recovery.
Developed quadratic models with a high coefficient of determination (R(2) > 0.99) for TSS removal, SVI, and water recovery.
Identified optimal conditions: 1045 mg/L coagulant dosage and pH 6.75.
Achieved 99% TSS removal, an SVI of 37 mL/g, and 82% water recovery under optimal conditions.

Conclusions:

The study successfully optimized the coagulation-flocculation process for pulp and paper wastewater.
The developed models accurately predict treatment performance, enabling efficient process control.
Optimal conditions provide a viable solution for high-efficiency wastewater treatment, resource recovery, and sludge management in the pulp and paper industry.