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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...

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Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
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Ictal EEG in benign partial epilepsy in infancy.

Akihisa Okumura1, Kazuyoshi Watanabe, Tamiko Negoro

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. okumura@med.juntendo.ac.jp <okumura@med.juntendo.ac.jp>

Pediatric Neurology
|December 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This study clarifies electroencephalographic findings in benign partial epilepsy in infancy. Seizures consistently began focally, with temporal origins common in complex partial seizures, suggesting a homogeneous condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Clinical Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Benign partial epilepsy in infancy (BPEI) is a childhood epilepsy syndrome.
  • Understanding its neurophysiologic features is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the ictal electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics of BPEI.
  • To correlate EEG findings with seizure manifestations and determine neurophysiologic homogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of ictal EEG recordings from 13 infants diagnosed with BPEI.
  • Correlation of EEG data with video recordings or clinical observations of seizure manifestations.
  • Confirmation of BPEI benignity at or after 8 years of age.

Main Results:

  • All seizures exhibited focal onset ictal discharges.
  • Temporal lobe origin was noted in 10/13 complex partial seizures.
  • Secondarily generalized seizures predominantly originated from parietal or occipital areas.
  • Motion arrest or decreased responsiveness was a universal finding.
  • Lateral eye deviation was common in complex partial seizures; head rotation indicated hemispheric spread.

Conclusions:

  • Ictal EEG findings in BPEI are relatively uniform.
  • These findings support the concept of neurophysiologic homogeneity in BPEI.
  • Specific EEG patterns correlate with seizure types and propagation.