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How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index

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Cortical reorganization in the aging brain.

Hubert R Dinse¹

¹Institute for Neuroinformatics, Department of Theoretical Biology, Experimental Neurobiology Laboratory, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. Hubert.dinse@neuroinformatik.rub.de

Progress in Brain Research

|December 16, 2006

Summary

Brain aging causes significant cortical reorganization, impacting performance. However, interventions leveraging neuroplasticity can restore function, showing aging

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Aging Research
Cognitive Science

Background:

Aging leads to substantial brain reorganization affecting structure and function.
Sensorimotor cortical maps in elderly individuals show significant alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the nature of cortical reorganization during aging.
To explore the potential of interventions to ameliorate age-related cognitive and behavioral decline.

Main Methods:

Analysis of studies in aged animals and elderly human populations.
Examination of sensorimotor cortical representational maps.
Review of intervention protocols utilizing neuroplasticity principles.

Main Results:

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Cortical reorganization during aging is associated with performance decline, unlike learning-induced plasticity.

Brain plasticity remains active in old age.

Interventions like training and stimulation can improve age-related cortical and behavioral changes.

Conclusions:

Aging-related brain changes are not irreversible and can be treated.
Restoration of function in older adults is possible via new processing strategies.
Cortical reorganization in the aging brain occurs both during aging and during treatment interventions.