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Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
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Modified symbolic play test for Oriental children.

Mandy Man-Yee Chu1, Wing-Cheong Lee, Joy Lok-Sum Leung

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|December 16, 2006
PubMed
Summary

A modified Symbolic Play Test (SPT) using culturally relevant toys like chopsticks and bowls significantly improved preverbal language screening for Oriental children. This enhanced SPT version offers a more reliable assessment for this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Cross-Cultural Studies

Background:

  • The Symbolic Play Test (SPT) is a validated tool for screening preverbal language in English-speaking children.
  • Traditional SPT toys may not resonate with Oriental cultures due to differences in eating utensils and common objects.
  • Cultural adaptation of assessment tools is crucial for accurate evaluation in diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a culturally adapted version of the SPT for Oriental children.
  • To identify a set of miniature toys suitable for assessing preverbal language in Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Thai children.
  • To enhance the reliability and cultural appropriateness of preverbal language screening.

Main Methods:

  • A modified SPT incorporating Oriental cultural items (chopsticks, bowls, toy train carts) was administered to 140 children (62 controls, 78 with idiopathic developmental delay).
  • Play items in situations 3 and 4 were modified to reflect Chinese culture, replacing Western utensils with chopsticks and bowls, and tractors with train carts.
  • Children were grouped into age ranges consistent with the original English-based SPT for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • The modified SPT yielded higher mean scores (14.83) compared to the original SPT (13.64).
  • Statistically significant improvements were observed in mean scores for situation 3 (P < 0.001), situation 4 (P < 0.001), and overall scores (P < 0.001) with the modified version.
  • The modified SPT demonstrated increased effectiveness in assessing preverbal abilities in the study cohort.

Conclusions:

  • The modified SPT, utilizing Oriental culture-based items, is recommended for reliable preverbal ability assessment in Oriental children, particularly Chinese children.
  • Incorporating chopsticks, bowls, and toy train carts enhances the cultural relevance and diagnostic accuracy of the SPT for this demographic.
  • This culturally adapted SPT provides a more equitable and effective tool for early language screening in diverse populations.