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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the diastolic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
07:25

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Published on: June 7, 2013

[Is essential hypertension essentially metabolic?].

Alberto Cordero Fort1, José Moreno Arribas, Eduardo Alegría Ezquerra

  • 1Departamento de Cardiología, Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. acordero@unav.es

Medicina Clinica
|December 16, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Essential hypertension, a common cardiovascular risk factor, is frequently linked to diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. These conditions may represent the core physiological basis of essential hypertension, not just associations.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography
07:25

Assessing Murine Resistance Artery Function Using Pressure Myography

Published on: June 7, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Context:

  • Essential hypertension is a primary cardiovascular risk factor affecting a significant portion of the population.
  • Most hypertension cases are diagnosed as essential hypertension, lacking secondary causes.
  • Essential hypertension frequently co-occurs with diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and insulin resistance.

Purpose:

  • To explore the potential physiopathologic links between essential hypertension and common comorbidities.
  • To investigate if obesity and insulin resistance are integral to the pathophysiology of essential hypertension.

Summary:

  • Essential hypertension shares underlying physiological mechanisms with diabetes and dyslipidemia.
  • Obesity and insulin resistance are commonly observed in hypertensive patients, suggesting a deeper pathophysiological connection.
  • These metabolic factors may constitute a primary basis for essential hypertension, extending beyond mere epidemiological association.

Impact:

  • Highlights the interconnectedness of metabolic health and cardiovascular disease.
  • Suggests potential therapeutic targets for managing essential hypertension by addressing underlying metabolic dysfunction.
  • Emphasizes the importance of considering metabolic profiles in hypertension management and research.