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Using geographic information systems to evaluate cardiac arrest survival.
Craig R Warden1, Mohamud Daya, Lara A LeGrady
1Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University Portland 97239, and Tualatin Valley Fire & Rescue, Aloha, Oregon, USA. wardenc@ohsu.edu
Prehospital Emergency Care
|December 16, 2006
Summary
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) methodology was used to analyze cardiac arrest survival. This study found no significant spatial difference in patient survival rates based on first-due versus second-due fire department response.
Area of Science:
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
- Spatial Analysis
- Public Health
Background:
- Cardiac arrest survival rates are influenced by response times and resource allocation.
- Geographical Information Systems (GIS) offer advanced spatial analysis capabilities for EMS data.
- Understanding spatial patterns in emergency response can optimize resource deployment and improve patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of fire department first-due versus second-due response areas on cardiac arrest survival.
- To apply GIS methodology to analyze spatial variations in cardiac arrest survival.
- To identify potential high or low survival rate clusters using spatial analysis techniques.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a Utstein-style adult cardiac arrest registry with address data from a fire district.
- Geocoded all incident locations and mapped fire station first-due areas using GIS.
- Employed logistic regression to analyze survival to hospital admission, controlling for predictors, and performed cluster analysis.
Main Results:
- Analyzed 461 cardiac arrest patients; 17% survived to hospital admission.
- No significant difference in response times between survivors and non-survivors.
- Found a non-significant association between first-due area response and survival to hospital admission (OR 0.70).
Conclusions:
- GIS provides a novel spatial dimension to traditional statistical analysis of EMS incident data.
- This study did not identify any significant spatial disparities in patient survival based on response unit.
- Further research may explore other spatial factors influencing cardiac arrest outcomes.
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