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Related Concept Videos

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion01:10

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion01:29

Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion01:18

Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon01:21

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No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
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Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving01:09

Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving

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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

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Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
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Impact features on Stardust: implications for comet 81P/Wild 2 dust.

Friedrich Hörz1, Ron Bastien, Janet Borg

  • 1Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA. friedrich.p.horz@jsc.nasa.gov

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 16, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Comet 81P/Wild 2 dust particles impacted the Stardust spacecraft, creating diverse features. Analysis revealed particle sizes from nanometers to micrometers, with a unique size distribution compared to other comets.

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Area of Science:

  • * Planetary Science
  • * Cometary Science
  • * Astrogeology

Background:

  • * The Stardust mission collected samples from comet 81P/Wild 2.
  • * Understanding cometary dust provides insights into early solar system conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To characterize the morphologies and sizes of dust particles from comet 81P/Wild 2.
  • * To compare the dust size distribution of comet 81P/Wild 2 with other comets.

Main Methods:

  • * Analysis of hypervelocity impact features on Stardust collector surfaces.
  • * Microscopic and compositional analysis of returned cometary dust particles.

Main Results:

  • * Observed diverse impact feature morphologies corresponding to particle variations.
  • * Identified particle sizes ranging from nanometers to hundreds of micrometers.
  • * Determined a cumulative size distribution shallower than comet Halley but steeper than comet Grigg-Skjellerup.

Conclusions:

  • * Cometary dust from 81P/Wild 2 exhibits a wide range of particle sizes and compositions.
  • * The unique size distribution offers clues about dust formation and evolution processes in the early solar system.