Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor
04:34

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

Published on: May 26, 2023

Vestibular schwannoma: unusual recurrence presenting as an external auditory canal mass

M Carreño, J L Llorente, C Suárez

    Skull Base Surgery
    |December 16, 2006
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    A Unified Methodological Framework for Vestibular Schwannoma Research08:43

    A Unified Methodological Framework for Vestibular Schwannoma Research

    Published on: June 20, 2017

    Related Concept Videos

    Anatomy of the Ear01:16

    Anatomy of the Ear

    Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
    Equilibrium and Balance01:15

    Equilibrium and Balance

    The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
    The Vestibular System01:29

    The Vestibular System

    The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
    Auditory Pathway01:15

    Auditory Pathway

    Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
    When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
    The Cochlea01:13

    The Cochlea

    The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
    The Auditory Ossicles01:11

    The Auditory Ossicles

    The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
    The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...