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Transmitting Plant Viruses Using Whiteflies
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Methods for engineering resistance to plant viruses.

Mysore R Sudarshana1, Gourgopal Roy, Bryce W Falk

  • 1Western Institute for Food Safety and Security, University of California, Davis, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Genetically engineered plants can resist viruses through transgene-mediated RNA silencing. This technology, though currently underutilized, holds significant potential for future agricultural applications in developing virus-resistant crops.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Cross-protection phenomenon in plant viruses.
  • Historical development of transgenic resistance using Tobacco Mosaic Virus coat protein.
  • Demonstration of virus resistance using various virus-derived sequences in plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms and applications of transgene-mediated resistance in plants against viral diseases.
  • To highlight the evolution of strategies for engineering virus resistance in plants.
  • To discuss the current status and future prospects of this technology.

Main Methods:

  • Expression of viral coat protein genes in transgenic plants.
  • Introduction of virus complementary DNA sequences (sense, antisense, mutated) into plant genomes.
  • Utilizing plant-derived genes (R genes, ribosome inactivating proteins, proteinase inhibitors) and mammalian proteins (plantibodies, 2-5A synthetase).

Main Results:

  • Transgenic plants expressing viral sequences or other genes exhibit resistance to specific or multiple viruses.
  • RNA silencing and small interfering RNAs are identified as the primary mechanism for transgene-mediated resistance.
  • Various strategies, including coat protein expression and RNA-based approaches, have proven effective.

Conclusions:

  • Transgene-mediated resistance is a powerful tool for developing virus-resistant plants.
  • RNA silencing is the predominant mechanism underlying this resistance.
  • Despite current low interest, the technology has substantial future potential for crop protection.