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Ranula: experience with 83 cases in Zimbabwe.

Midion Mapfumo Chidzonga1, Leonard Mahomva

  • 1Department of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. mmchidzonga@medsch.uz.ac.zw

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|December 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Ranulas are more common in females and children, with a high HIV prevalence in pediatric cases. Complete surgical excision of the ranula and sublingual gland prevents recurrence.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ranulas are benign cystic lesions of the salivary glands, commonly occurring in the floor of the mouth.
  • Etiology and management of ranulas, particularly in resource-limited settings, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes of ranula cases in Zimbabwe.
  • To explore potential associations between ranulas, HIV infection, and age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 83 patient records with ranulas from January 1981 to September 2003.
  • Analysis of ranula location, patient demographics, HIV status, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

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  • Ranulas predominantly affected females (56.6%) and children aged 0-10 years (73.5%).
  • Oral ranulas constituted 92.8% of cases; plunging ranulas were rare (7.2%).
  • Among 38 patients studied, 88.5% were HIV-positive, with 95% in the 0-10 age group.

Conclusions:

  • Female predominance and a predilection for younger age groups were observed.
  • High HIV prevalence in pediatric ranula cases suggests a potential link to HIV salivary gland disease.
  • Surgical excision with sublingual gland removal resulted in 0% recurrence, whereas marsupialization had a 20% recurrence rate.