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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Establishing a Swine Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Heart Failure for Stem Cell Treatment
Published on: May 25, 2020
T-cell response to staphylococcal enterotoxin B is reduced among heart failure patients on ventricular device support
P Kimball1, M Flattery, V Kasirajan
1Department of Transplant Surgery, Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA. pkimball@gems.vcu.edu
Abstract:
Infections are the major complication among patients on left ventricular device (LVAD) support. One mechanism that may explain the elevated incidence of infection is a deficiency in cellular immunity after LVAD placement. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the in vitro T-cell-proliferative and cytokine response following challenge with staphylococcal enterotoxin B in 14 LVAD and 6 non-LVAD stable outpatients awaiting heart transplantation. Clinical outcome was followed for 12 months. Clinical outcome was poorer (P < .05) for LVAD vs non-LVAD patients. T-cell-proliferative response was lower (P = .002) for LVAD vs non-LVAD patients. Th1 cytokine expression was lower (P < .05) and Th2 cytokine expression was higher (P < .05) for LVAD vs non-LVAD patients. We conclude that LVAD recipients are hyporesponsive to superantigen challenge, indicating a depressed cellular immunity that may contribute to their increased susceptibility to infections.
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