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Related Concept Videos

Decreasing Function01:27

Decreasing Function

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A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
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Decreased pulse rate01:14

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Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Reaction Rate02:53

Reaction Rate

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The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
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Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals01:16

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals

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Radicals adjacent to electron-donating groups are called nucleophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with electrophilic alkenes. The SOMO–LUMO interactions are the driving force for the reaction, where the high-energy SOMO of the electron-rich, nucleophilic radicals interacts with the low-energy LUMO of the electron-deficient, electrophilic alkenes. Such SOMO–LUMO interactions are the basis of reactive radical traps, affecting the selectivity in radical reactions. For...
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Margin of Error01:27

Margin of Error

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The margin of error is also called the maximum error of an estimate. The margin of error is the maximum possible or expected difference between the observed sample parameter value and the actual population parameter value. For proportion, it is the maximum difference between the value of sample proportion obtained from the data and the true value of population proportion. As the true value of the population parameter is not known, the margin of error is calculated using the sample statistic.
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[Does transrectal MRI before radical prostatectomy modify the operative technique to decrease the positive margin

Aurélien Descazeaud1, Michael Peyromaure, Annick Vieillefond

  • 1Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France. aureliendescazeaud@hotmail.com

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) helps manage prostate cancer surgery. Suspected extraprostatic extension on MRI led to modified techniques, significantly reducing positive surgical margins in pT3 stage patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Context:

  • Prostate cancer management requires precise surgical planning.
  • Accurate staging is crucial for determining treatment strategy and patient outcomes.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers detailed anatomical visualization.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the utility of transrectal MRI in the surgical management of prostate cancer.
  • To assess the correlation between preoperative MRI findings and postoperative pathological results.
  • To determine if MRI-guided surgical modifications impact positive surgical margin rates.

Summary:

  • 159 prostate cancer patients underwent transrectal MRI before radical prostatectomy (RP).
  • MRI detected suspected extraprostatic extension in 21.4% of patients, correlating with a higher pT3 rate (61% vs. 39%).
  • Patients with suspected extraprostatic extension on MRI, when treated with modified surgical techniques, showed a significantly lower positive surgical margin rate (24% vs. 51%).

Impact:

  • Preoperative MRI can identify patients likely to have pT3 disease.
  • Modified surgical techniques based on MRI findings can improve surgical outcomes.
  • MRI enhances the precision of surgical management for prostate cancer, potentially reducing recurrence risk.