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Self-efficacy, values, and complementarity in dyadic interactions: integrating interpersonal and social-cognitive
Kenneth D Locke1, Pamela Sadler
1Department of Psychology, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844, USA. klocke@uidaho.edu
Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
|December 21, 2006
Summary
Social-cognitive and interpersonal theories explain dyadic interactions. Self-efficacy and values predict dominance and satisfaction in same-sex dyads, integrating individual and relational factors for better understanding.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Social Psychology
- Interpersonal Dynamics
Background:
- Dyadic interactions are complex, influenced by both individual social-cognitive factors and interpersonal dynamics.
- Existing theories, such as social-cognitive theory and interpersonal theory, offer frameworks for understanding these interactions but require integration.
- Measuring efficacy and values within interpersonal contexts is crucial for predicting interaction outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Efficacy (CSIE) for measuring efficacy across different interpersonal regions.
- To investigate the predictive power of social-cognitive variables (self-efficacy, subjective values) and interpersonal variables (IPC, complementarity) on dyadic interaction outcomes.
- To examine how individual and dyadic factors jointly influence dominance expression and satisfaction within same-sex dyads.
Main Methods:
- Study 1: Development and validation of the Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Efficacy (CSIE).
- Study 2: Utilized CSIE and the Circumplex Scales of Interpersonal Values to assess 101 same-sex dyads solving a problem.
- Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the relationships between social-cognitive and interpersonal variables and observed interaction outcomes.
Main Results:
- Dominant behaviors were predicted by a combination of social-cognitive dominance efficacy and the interpersonal variable of reciprocity.
- Satisfaction was predicted by social-cognitive friendliness values and the interpersonal variable of friendliness efficacy correspondence.
- Shared performance outcomes and dynamic interpersonal processes were significant predictors of convergence in collective efficacy beliefs within dyads.
Conclusions:
- The findings support the integration of social-cognitive and interpersonal theories in understanding dyadic interactions.
- Both individual efficacy beliefs/values and relational dynamics are essential for predicting interaction behavior and satisfaction.
- Collective efficacy within dyads is influenced by both task performance and the evolving interpersonal processes.
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