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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Phase transformations in bulk nanostructured potassium niobiosilicate glasses.

P Bergese¹, I Alessandri, E Bontempi

¹INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, University of Brescia, via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy. paolo.bergese@ing.unibs.it

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B

|December 22, 2006

Summary

Nanostructuring in potassium niobiosilicate (KNS) glasses is controlled by thermal treatments and composition, leading to niobium-rich nanocrystals. These transformations are crucial for developing advanced nanophotonic materials.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Optics

Background:

Potassium niobiosilicate (KNS) glasses exhibit nanostructuring controllable via thermal treatments and chemical composition.
The relationship between nanostructure and nonlinear optical properties makes these materials promising for nanophotonics.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess phase transformations in KNS glasses during annealing at the glass transition temperature and subsequent heating.
To understand the evolution of nanostructure and its dependence on glass composition.

Main Methods:

High-temperature resolved X-ray diffraction (HTXRD).
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM).
Integration with existing published data.

Main Results:

Nanostructuring initiates with the nucleation of metastable, niobium-rich nanocrystals (up to 20 nm) uniformly distributed within the glass matrix.
Nanocrystal formation kinetics and phase transitions are dictated by the specific glass composition.
Phase separation may precede nanocrystal nucleation, and phase transitions can be first or second order.

Conclusions:

The study elucidates the complex phase transformations governing nanostructure formation in KNS glasses.
Understanding these transformations is key to tailoring KNS materials for specific nanophotonic applications.
Compositional control offers a pathway to fine-tune the resulting nanostructure and optical properties.