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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
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Antibiotic Selection

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Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Updated: Jul 18, 2026

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures
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One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures

Published on: July 9, 2012

Emerging vancomycin resistance in enterococci in India.

Ujjala Ghoshal1, Amit Garg, Dinesh P Tiwari

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|December 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections pose a significant threat, with limited data from India. This study identified 1.4% VRE cases, highlighting the need for prompt diagnosis and infection control.

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Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
11:56

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Published on: October 25, 2013

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures
08:30

One-day Workflow Scheme for Bacterial Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Resistance Testing from Blood Cultures

Published on: July 9, 2012

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
11:56

Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection

Published on: October 25, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections are associated with poor patient outcomes and present a significant clinical challenge.
  • While VRE reports are increasing globally, data from India remains limited, necessitating local surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of enterococci, including vancomycin resistance, in clinical samples from India.
  • To characterize the VRE phenotype using molecular methods.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of 685 enterococcal isolates from clinical samples.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing according to NCCLS guidelines.
  • Confirmation of vancomycin resistance by MIC and PCR for VanA phenotype.

Main Results:

  • Enterococci isolates comprised E. faecalis (67%) and E. faecium (33%).
  • High rates of resistance were observed for ampicillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline in both species.
  • Vancomycin resistance was confirmed in 1.4% of isolates (10/685), all exhibiting the VanA phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • The emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in India is a serious concern due to its potential for epidemic spread and limited treatment options.
  • Effective infection control strategies and prompt laboratory diagnosis are crucial to manage VRE.
  • This study underscores the need for ongoing monitoring of VRE in healthcare settings.