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Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Rat Model of Photochemically-Induced Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
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Published on: November 29, 2015

Acute retinal necrosis features, management, and outcomes.

Chun H Lau1, Tom Missotten, Joel Salzmann

  • 1Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Ophthalmology
|December 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the primary cause of acute retinal necrosis (ARN). Prompt diagnosis, prophylactic laser retinopexy, acyclovir, and corticosteroids are recommended for managing ARN and improving visual outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is a severe intraocular inflammation.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for visual preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the causative viruses in acute retinal necrosis (ARN).
  • To determine factors influencing visual outcomes in ARN patients.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic laser retinopexy in preventing retinal detachment (RD).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 22 human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with ARN.
  • Vitreous biopsy for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) viral DNA analysis.
  • Prophylactic barrier laser retinopexy, systemic acyclovir, and vitrectomy for RD repair.

Main Results:

  • Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was detected in 66.7% of eyes, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in 22.2%.
  • Prophylactic argon laser treatment significantly reduced the risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) (35.3% vs. 80%).
  • RD occurred in 35.3% of eyes with prophylactic laser and 80% without; 96.3% of RDs occurred after three weeks.

Conclusions:

  • VZV is the predominant cause of ARN.
  • Prophylactic laser retinopexy within two weeks is recommended to decrease RD risk.
  • Systemic acyclovir and corticosteroids are vital for ARN management; RD repair can improve vision.