Metal profiles used as environmental markers of green turtle (Chelonia mydas) foraging resources

The Baja California Peninsula, Mexico serves an important role for feeding and developing sea turtles. High concentrations of metals detected in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Magdalena Bay prompted an investigation into the sources of metals in the region. We compared metal concentrations in sea turtle tissues with plant species found in their stomach contents, and with the same species of plants collected inside a sea turtle refuge area known as Estero Banderitas. Differences in the metal concentrations between marine plant species were minimal. Principal components analysis of the percent contribution of individual metals to the overall metal signature of each plant or tissue sample generated three principal components that explained 80.7% of the total variance in the data. The plant samples collected within Estero Banderitas formed a separate grouping from the green turtle tissue samples and the plants from the stomach contents. The plants in the stomach contents contained greater percent contributions of Cd and Zn than the plants collected inside the bay, while Pb and Mn contributed more to the metal profiles in the bay samples. The metal profiles in the sea turtle tissues more closely resembled the stomach contents than the same species of plants collected within Estero Banderitas, and suggest that sea turtles collected inside Magdalena Bay use foraging resources outside of the Estero Banderitas region. This work supports the suggestion that metal profiles can be used as "environmentally acquired markers" to improve our understanding of the extent of sea turtle foraging areas.