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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

A High-throughput Calcium-flux Assay to Study NMDA-receptors with Sensitivity to Glycine/D-serine and Glutamate
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Current perspectives on NMDA-type glutamate signalling in bone.

Gary J Spencer1, Catherine J McGrath, Paul G Genever

  • 1Biomedical Tissue Research, Department of Biology (Area 9), University of York, York Y010 5YW, UK. gjs6@york.ac.uk

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|December 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Glutamate, an excitatory amino acid, plays a key role in regulating bone remodeling. This review focuses on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor signaling in bone cells, offering insights into osteoporosis and potential therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Bone remodeling involves osteoclast and osteoblast activity, crucial for maintaining bone mass.
  • Dysregulation of bone remodeling leads to diseases like osteoporosis.
  • Emerging evidence suggests neurotransmitters influence bone cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of glutamate signaling in bone cells.
  • To specifically examine N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor signaling in bone.
  • To explore the functional significance and future research directions of glutamate in bone biology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on glutamate signaling in bone cells.
  • Analysis of research on NMDA receptor function in osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
  • Synthesis of findings on neurotransmitter roles in bone remodeling.

Main Results:

  • Glutamate acts as a signaling molecule in bone cells.
  • NMDA-type glutamate receptors are present and functional in bone cells.
  • Glutamate signaling influences bone cell differentiation and activity.

Conclusions:

  • Glutamate signaling, particularly via NMDA receptors, is a significant factor in bone remodeling.
  • Understanding these mechanisms could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for bone diseases.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the role of glutamate in bone health.