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Normal brain response after interstitial microwave hyperthermia.

J R Fike1, G T Gobbel, T Satoh

  • 1Brain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco 94143.

International Journal of Hyperthermia : the Official Journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group
|September 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Interstitial hyperthermia using microwaves caused brain tissue necrosis above 43.9°C. Heat lesions triggered rapid vascular responses, including reduced blood flow and increased vascularity, peaking one week post-treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Interstitial hyperthermia is a potential therapeutic modality.
  • Understanding thermal effects on brain tissue is crucial for safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effects of interstitial hyperthermia on normal brain tissue.
  • To characterize the temporal evolution of heat-induced lesions and vascular responses.

Main Methods:

  • A single 30-minute treatment with 2450 MHz microwaves was applied to the frontal white matter.
  • Temperatures of 40-44°C were maintained using a helical coil antenna and temperature probe.
  • Damage was quantified weekly for 6 weeks using computed tomography (CT) and ultrafast CT for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and histopathology.

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Main Results:

  • Tissue necrosis occurred at temperatures >43.9°C, with maximum lesion size at 1 week.
  • Radiographically, lesions showed focal low density surrounded by contrast enhancement.
  • rCBF was reduced for 3 weeks, mean transit time increased, and tissue vascularity peaked at 3 weeks post-treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Focal heat lesions in the brain induce significant and rapid vascular responses.
  • Hyperthermia-induced necrosis and associated vascular changes are time-dependent.
  • Findings provide insights into the biological effects of microwave-induced hyperthermia in brain tissue.