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Related Experiment Videos

Equivalence relations, contextual control, and naming.

Tom Randell1, Bob Remington

  • 1University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, Hampshire, S017 IBJ, UK.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|December 29, 2006
PubMed
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Verbal behavior influences how people learn and generalize information, impacting the formation of contextually controlled equivalence classes. Naming stimuli affects learning, especially when names rhyme.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Equivalence classes are learned associations between stimuli.
  • Contextual control influences how these associations are formed.
  • The role of verbal behavior in this process is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how verbal behavior affects the emergence and generalization of contextually controlled equivalence classes.
  • To examine the influence of rhyming versus non-rhyming stimulus names on class formation.
  • To determine if extensive training improves the formation of non-rhyming equivalence classes.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments using match-to-sample tasks.
  • Participants learned conditional relations between pictorial stimuli under different color contexts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Stimuli were chosen based on whether their names rhymed or did not rhyme.

    • Main Results:

    • Participants formed equivalence classes with rhyming stimuli more readily than non-rhyming stimuli in Experiment 1.
    • With extended training in Experiment 2, participants formed both rhyme and non-rhyme equivalence classes.
    • Rhyme classes emerged with greater facility than non-rhyme classes.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual stimuli are named, and these names influence stimulus classification.
    • Verbal behavior, specifically naming, plays a crucial role in the emergence of contextually controlled equivalence classes.
    • Untrained conditional discriminations can emerge based on participants' verbal behavior and naming conventions.