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Related Concept Videos

Tension01:10

Tension

Tension is a force along the length of a medium, in particular, a force carried by a flexible medium, such as a rope or cable. The word "tension" comes from Latin, meaning "to stretch". Not coincidentally, the flexible cords that carry muscle forces to other parts of the body are called tendons. Any flexible connector, such as a string, rope, chain, wire, or cable, can exert pull only parallel to its length; so, a force carried by a flexible connector is a tension with a direction parallel to...
Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:24

Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Centrally acting muscle relaxants reduce muscle tone and tension by interfering with the postsynaptic reflexes in the central nervous system.
Centrally acting drugs are classified into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic drugs such as baclofen, diazepam, and tizanidine inhibit spinal motor neurons and decrease muscle tone. Spasmolytic drugs are administered for severe and chronic spasms due to multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord and muscle injuries. However,...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone01:29

Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic circuitry.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Aspirin and tension-type headache.

Ivano Farinelli1, Paolo Martelletti

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 2nd School of Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, I-00189, Rome, Italy.

The Journal of Headache and Pain
|December 29, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) effectively manages pain and prevents cardiovascular events by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. New research highlights Aspirin

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Inflammation research

Background:

  • Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), commonly known as Aspirin, is a widely used medication globally.
  • It is recognized for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties.
  • ASA functions by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis via cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme inactivation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Aspirin.
  • To investigate the role of Aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATLs) in its anti-inflammatory effects.
  • To review Aspirin's efficacy in managing headaches and its novel formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Aspirin's pharmacological actions.
  • Analysis of research on Aspirin's impact on prostaglandin and lipoxin pathways.

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  • Examination of clinical applications in pain management and cardiovascular event prevention.

    • Main Results:

    • Aspirin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, contributing to its pain relief and anti-inflammatory effects.
    • Aspirin uniquely induces Aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxins (ATLs), a novel anti-inflammatory pathway not shared by other NSAIDs.
    • Aspirin is effective for tension-type headaches and acute migraine attacks, with new rapid-acting formulations available.

    Conclusions:

    • Aspirin possesses diverse therapeutic applications beyond pain and cardiovascular prevention.
    • The induction of ATLs represents a significant, recently discovered anti-inflammatory mechanism of Aspirin.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate Aspirin's mechanisms and therapeutic potential, particularly regarding ATLs.