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Related Concept Videos

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Key Techniques in Microbiology01:19

Key Techniques in Microbiology

Aseptic techniques prevent contamination, ensure experimental accuracy, and protect researchers and microbial cultures. These techniques are essential in clinical, industrial, and research settings where sterility is required.Maintaining Sterility in Laboratory PracticesScientists maintain sterility by sterilizing tools with heat or chemicals, disinfecting work surfaces, and handling cultures in controlled environments. Working near an open flame or within a laminar flow hood reduces the risk...
Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
Bioreactor Controls-II01:18

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...
Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Radiation and Filtration01:26

Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Radiation and Filtration

Radiation and filtration are essential tools for microbial control, targeting microorganisms through distinct mechanisms. Radiation eliminates microbes by damaging their DNA, either killing them or inhibiting their growth. Based on wavelength, radiation is classified into two types: nonionizing and ionizing radiation.Non-ionizing radiation, such as UV radiation (200–400 nm), is absorbed by DNA, causing defects that effectively disinfect surfaces, air, and water, including safety cabinets.

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Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Same author

[Occurrence of Legionella in technological water and studies of the total number of bacteria and fungi in indoor air at workplaces where water aerosol is generated].

Medycyna pracy·2014
Same author

[Respiratory symptoms among industrial workers exposed to water aerosol. A pilot study of process water and air microbial quality].

Medycyna pracy·2013
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[Microbiological quality of hospital indoor air. Determinant factors for microbial concentration in air of operating theatres].

Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny·2011
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Assessment of microbial growth on the surface of materials in contact with water intended for human consumption using ATP method.

Polish journal of microbiology·2011
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[Microbial air purity in hospitals. Operating theatres with air conditioning system].

Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny·2011
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[Microbiological quality of indoor air in dentist's offices].

Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways
06:43

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

Published on: January 13, 2016

[Microorganisms in operating room air--selected aspects].

Adam Krogulski1

  • 1Zakład Higieny Komunalnej, Pańistwowy Zakład Higieny, 00-791 Warszawa.

Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny
|December 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Air quality in operating rooms during warm seasons was assessed. Continuous air conditioning maintenance significantly reduces airborne bacteria and fungi compared to periodic checks or faulty systems.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Health
  • Hospital Hygiene

Context:

  • Operating room air quality is critical for patient safety.
  • Microbial contamination in surgical environments poses infection risks.
  • Seasonal variations (warm season) can influence airborne microbial loads.

Purpose:

  • To quantify airborne bacteria and fungi in operating rooms.
  • To compare microbial concentrations between operating rooms with and without air conditioning.
  • To evaluate the impact of air conditioning maintenance frequency on microbial levels.

Summary:

  • Airborne bacteria and fungi were measured in operating rooms from June to September.
  • Hospitals with continuous air conditioning (AC) system inspections showed lower microbial counts than those with periodic inspections.

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Automated Hospital Room Disinfection Utilizing a Novel Aerosolized Hydrogen Peroxide Microdroplet Disbursing Technology

Published on: February 24, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways
06:43

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

Published on: January 13, 2016

Automated Hospital Room Disinfection Utilizing a Novel Aerosolized Hydrogen Peroxide Microdroplet Disbursing Technology
06:27

Automated Hospital Room Disinfection Utilizing a Novel Aerosolized Hydrogen Peroxide Microdroplet Disbursing Technology

Published on: February 24, 2026

  • Operating rooms with faulty AC systems exhibited higher concentrations of airborne microorganisms.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the importance of well-maintained air conditioning systems in hospitals.
    • Provides data for improving infection control strategies in surgical settings.
    • Informs guidelines for maintaining optimal air quality in healthcare environments.