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Updated: Jul 18, 2026
05:15
Isolation of Intact Eyeball to Obtain Integral Ocular Surface Tissue for Histological Examination and Immunohistochemistry
Published on: October 20, 2019
Control of integrin genes expression in the eye
François Vigneault1, Karine Zaniolo, Manon Gaudreault
1Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, CHUL, 2705 Laurier Blvd, Ste-Foy, Qc, Canada G1V 4G2.
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
|December 30, 2006
Summary
Understanding integrin gene transcription is crucial for cell function. This review details regulatory elements and transcription factors, focusing on eye-expressed integrins and their role in corneal wound healing.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- The human genome sequencing race is complete, shifting focus to gene transcription regulation.
- Integrins are key cell surface receptors mediating cell-extracellular matrix interactions, influencing cell behavior.
- Understanding integrin gene regulation is vital for cellular processes and disease research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current knowledge on regulatory elements and transcription factors controlling integrin gene expression.
- To highlight integrin gene regulation in the context of ocular tissues.
- To explore the role of extracellular matrix components in integrin gene expression and corneal wound healing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on integrin gene regulation.
- Analysis of regulatory elements and transcription factor binding sites.
- Focus on studies related to ocular integrin expression and function.
Main Results:
- Detailed overview of known regulatory sequences and transcription factors for integrin genes.
- Identification of specific regulatory mechanisms for integrins expressed in the eye.
- Exploration of extracellular matrix influence on integrin gene transcription.
Conclusions:
- Integrin gene transcription is tightly regulated by specific elements and transcription factors.
- Ocular integrin regulation is critical for eye function and corneal epithelial wound healing.
- Extracellular matrix components play a significant role in modulating integrin gene expression.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Activation of Integrins
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
01:10Integrins
Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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