Introduction of an obstetric health information system: results of a pilot study in North Cameroon

International safe motherhood programs have placed increasing emphasis on assessing progress in reducing maternal mortality in developing countries. We assess the feasibility and relevance of an obstetric health information system introduced in Maroua urban district in North Cameroon.

During the study period, an obstetric observation register was introduced for obstetric data collection, complemented by anthropological case studies on maternal deaths.

At the end of the study period, implementation and data collection processes were correctly done, and the overall rate of completion of obstetric registers was 95% (ranging from 82.5% to 98.5% between maternity units). Eight hundred and twenty-six deliveries (n=826) were recorded and evenly distributed over the nine weeks of the study period. Eight women (1%) were transferred from non-surgical to surgical health facilities. Thirteen C-sections (n=13; 1.6%; CI: 0.8-2.7%) mainly in the provincial hospital of Maroua (11/13), and four maternal deaths were recorded, giving a maternal mortality rate of 4/826 (484 for 100,000; CI: 132-1240 for 100,000 deliveries). Nevertheless, anthropological enquiry recorded five maternal deaths during the same study period. Analysis of the geographical origin of these women showed that four of the five came from very remote areas. Rapid analysis and dissemination of results have initiated changes in obstetric practices (introduction of the partograph, modifications in the attitudes of health personnel), and also to the creation of a network between maternity units (those with and without surgical facilities) and provincial health headquarters.

The introduction and use of a basic obstetric health information system combined with anthropological survey can provide a relatively accurate assessment of the maternal health situation. Such knowledge would be an excellent basis for implementing obstetric networking and relevant tools for active management of the obstetric pyramid at a regional level in developing countries.