Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Death

Overview of Cell Death

Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The vertebrate small leucine-rich proteoglycans: amplification of a clustered gene family and evolution of their transcriptional profile in jawed vertebrates.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2025

Same author

The Sensory Shark: High-quality Morphological, Genomic and Transcriptomic Data for the Small-spotted Catshark Scyliorhinus Canicula Reveal the Molecular Bases of Sensory Organ Evolution in Jawed Vertebrates.

Molecular biology and evolution·2024

Same author

A comparative ultrastructure study of the tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus in the hydrated state, after desiccation and during the process of rehydration.

PloS one·2024

Same author

Estradiol-17β and bisphenol A affect growth and mineralization in early life stages of seabass.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP·2024

Same author

Topological balance of cell distributions in plane monolayers.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2024

Same author

Topological properties and shape of proliferative and nonproliferative cell monolayers.

Physical review. E·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Embryo Microinjection and Electroporation in the Chordate Ciona intestinalis

Embryo Microinjection and Electroporation in the Chordate Ciona intestinalis

Published on: October 16, 2016

Using Ciona to study developmental programmed cell death.

Stephen Baghdiguian¹, Camille Martinand-Mari, Paul Mangeat

¹UMR CNRS 5554, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Case Courrier No. 065, Université Montpellier 2, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, Cedex 05, France. stbaghdi@univ-montp2.fr

Seminars in Cancer Biology

|January 2, 2007

Summary

The tunicate Ciona intestinalis offers a model for studying programmed cell death (apoptosis) due to its extensive embryonic apoptosis and conserved cell death machinery, aiding evolutionary research.

More Related Videos

Studying Cell Death Initiation Using a Digital Microscope

Studying Cell Death Initiation Using a Digital Microscope

Published on: November 10, 2023

Tracking and Quantifying Developmental Processes in C. elegans Using Open-source Tools

Tracking and Quantifying Developmental Processes in C. elegans Using Open-source Tools

Published on: December 16, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Embryo Microinjection and Electroporation in the Chordate Ciona intestinalis

Embryo Microinjection and Electroporation in the Chordate Ciona intestinalis

Published on: October 16, 2016

Studying Cell Death Initiation Using a Digital Microscope

Studying Cell Death Initiation Using a Digital Microscope

Published on: November 10, 2023

Tracking and Quantifying Developmental Processes in C. elegans Using Open-source Tools

Tracking and Quantifying Developmental Processes in C. elegans Using Open-source Tools

Published on: December 16, 2015

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Cell Biology
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Tunicates, including Ciona intestinalis, are evolutionarily close to vertebrates.
Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is crucial for development.
Understanding apoptosis evolution requires suitable model organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish Ciona intestinalis as a model organism for studying developmentally regulated apoptosis.
To investigate the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary pathways of programmed cell death.

Main Methods:

Observational studies of embryogenesis in Ciona intestinalis.
Analysis of autophagic processes during juvenile development.
Comparative analysis of cell death biochemical machinery with mammals.

Main Results:

Ciona intestinalis exhibits massive apoptosis during embryogenesis.
Lecithotrophic development involves significant autophagic processes.
The cell death machinery in Ciona is highly conserved and similar to mammals.

Conclusions:

Ciona intestinalis is an excellent model for studying programmed cell death.
This model aids in identifying novel regulatory pathways in apoptosis.
It facilitates understanding the evolution of cell death mechanisms from invertebrates to vertebrates.