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Generation and Genetic Manipulation of Human Cervical Organoids

Generation and Genetic Manipulation of Human Cervical Organoids

Published on: March 10, 2026

Redefining early cervical neoplasia: recent progress.

Marisa R Nucci¹, Christopher P Crum

¹Division of Women's and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02445, USA. mnucci@partners.org

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

|January 2, 2007

Summary

Cervical precancer classification has advanced with human papillomavirus research. This review examines historical context, epithelial variations, glandular neoplasia, and diagnostic biomarkers for squamous lesions.

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Area of Science:

Gynecologic Pathology
Cervical Cancer Prevention
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Research

Background:

Cervical precancer classification has undergone significant evolution over four decades.
Advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related lesions drive these changes.
The transformation zone's variable morphology, influenced by infected cell types, impacts classification.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current classification of cervical precancers.
To contextualize current schemes within historical systems and HPV pathogenesis.
To discuss the evolution of understanding preinvasive glandular neoplasia and squamous lesions.

Main Methods:

Review of historical classification systems for cervical precancers.
Analysis of the transformation zone's epithelial morphology in HPV infection.
Summary of the evolution of understanding preinvasive glandular neoplasia, including adenocarcinoma in situ.
Discussion of diagnostic and management challenges for squamous lesions, including nonconventional variants and biomarkers.

Main Results:

The current classification reflects expanded knowledge of HPV-related cervical lesions.
Understanding of glandular neoplasia, particularly superficial adenocarcinoma in situ, has evolved.
Practical diagnostic and management strategies for squamous lesions are discussed, emphasizing biomarker utility.

Conclusions:

The classification of cervical precancers is dynamic, influenced by ongoing research into HPV pathogenesis.
Accurate diagnosis and management require consideration of historical context, epithelial variations, and emerging biomarkers.
Continued research is essential for refining the understanding and treatment of cervical glandular and squamous neoplasia.