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Related Concept Videos

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Sodium Channel Blockers01:08

Antiepileptic Drugs: Sodium Channel Blockers

Antiepileptic drugs are specialized medications that prevent seizures in individuals diagnosed with epilepsy. These drugs primarily function by blocking the movement of sodium ions through channels in the neuronal membrane, inhibiting the repetitive firing of action potentials often associated with seizures.
Sodium channel blockers modulate ion channels, particularly voltage-gated sodium channels. They block only sodium ion movement.
Among the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs are...
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for their...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers01:17

Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium channel blockers, a class of antiepileptic drugs, regulate the flow of calcium ions within neurons.
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

Rufinamide.

Santiago Arroyo1

  • 1Eisai Global Clinical Development, Ridgefield Park, New Jersey 07660, USA. santiago_arroyo@eisai.com

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics
|January 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Rufinamide, a novel antiepileptic drug, effectively treats partial seizures and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome by modulating sodium channels. It offers broad-spectrum anticonvulsant properties with a well-established safety profile.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neurology
  • Anticonvulsant drug development

Background:

  • Rufinamide is a triazole derivative with a unique chemical structure.
  • It was identified for its anticonvulsant activity through profiling at the National Institutes of Health.
  • Existing antiepileptic drugs do not share its structural class.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anticonvulsant properties of rufinamide.
  • To investigate the mechanism of action of rufinamide.
  • To assess the efficacy and tolerability of rufinamide as adjunctive therapy for specific epilepsy types.

Main Methods:

  • Profiling for anticonvulsant activity in animal models.
  • Investigation of the principal mechanism of action, focusing on sodium channel modulation.

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Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
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Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation
08:02

Generation of Local CA1 γ Oscillations by Tetanic Stimulation

Published on: August 14, 2015

  • Clinical assessment as adjunctive therapy in patients with partial seizures and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).

    • Main Results:

    • Rufinamide demonstrated broad-spectrum anticonvulsant properties in animal models at nontoxic doses.
    • The primary mechanism involves modulating sodium channel activity, specifically prolonging the inactive state.
    • Rufinamide proved efficacious in controlling multiple seizure types and reducing seizure severity in LGS patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Rufinamide is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for adjunctive therapy in partial seizures and LGS.
    • Its established safety profile and mechanism of action on sodium channels support its clinical utility.
    • Rufinamide offers a valuable therapeutic option for managing difficult-to-treat epilepsy syndromes.