Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2026
04:46
Optimizing Isolation and Purification of Murine Glomerular Mesangial Cells
Published on: March 7, 2025
Renal mesangial cells: moving on sphingosine kinase-1
D Meyer zu Heringdorf1, K H Jakobs
1Institut für Pharmakologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. dagmar.meyer-heringdorf@uni-due.de
British Journal of Pharmacology
|January 4, 2007
Summary
Extracellular nucleotides stimulate renal mesangial cell migration by upregulating sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1). This enzyme is crucial for nucleotide-induced cell movement, highlighting SphK1
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1) phosphorylates sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).
- SphK1 and S1P are involved in cell proliferation, cancer, immune functions, and cell migration.
- SphK1 signaling pathways are critical in various physiological and pathological processes.
Discussion:
- Extracellular nucleotides induce renal mesangial cell migration.
- Nucleotides upregulate SphK1 expression and activity.
- SphK1 is essential for nucleotide-mediated migration of renal mesangial cells.
Key Insights:
- Sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1) plays a critical role in regulating renal mesangial cell migration.
- The enzyme SphK1 is upregulated by extracellular nucleotides, mediating their migratory effects.
- This study establishes a direct link between nucleotide signaling and SphK1 activity in kidney cell migration.
Outlook:
- Investigate the precise mechanisms by which SphK1 controls migration in mesangial cells.
- Elucidate the interplay between purinoceptors and S1P receptors in these cells.
- Determine the in vivo consequences of SphK1 deficiency in kidney injury models.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Cell Motility through Blebbing
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
01:09Cell Migration
Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
01:19Cell Migration
Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
01:07MAPK Signaling Cascades
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
01:18Role of Myosin in Cell Migration
Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction. It is...
Myosin II is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction. It is...
01:22Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...