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The aged breast.

R A Walker1, C V Martin

  • 1Breast Cancer Research Unit, Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, PO Box 65, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK. rawl4@le.ac.uk

The Journal of Pathology
|January 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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As women age, particularly after menopause, changes in breast tissue increase the risk of developing estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive breast cancer. Factors like uneven involution and local estrogen metabolism contribute to well-differentiated tumor phenotypes in older women.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Breast cancer incidence significantly rises with age, with most cases occurring post-menopause.
  • Post-menopausal breast involution involves changes in the terminal ductal lobular unit, including increased estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of breast cancers in older women (>/= 75 years).
  • To identify factors contributing to the development of well-differentiated breast cancer phenotypes in post-menopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of breast tissue characteristics and cancer markers in relation to age and menopausal status.
  • Evaluation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) expression, proliferation rates, HER-2, and p53 in breast tumors.

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Main Results:

  • Breast cancers in women aged 75 years and older are frequently ERalpha-positive with low growth rates.
  • These tumors often show limited expression of HER-2 and p53.
  • Increased ERalpha-positive cells and ERalpha-proliferating cells are noted in post-menopausal breasts compared to premenopausal ones.

Conclusions:

  • Uneven breast involution, persistent at-risk lesions, ERalpha-proliferating cells, and local estrogen metabolism are proposed factors in developing well-differentiated breast cancers.
  • These factors may explain the specific phenotype of breast cancers observed in elderly women.