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The endocrine system and ageing.

H S Chahal1, W M Drake

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.

The Journal of Pathology
|January 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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As people age, hormone levels change, impacting metabolism and leading to various health issues. Research is exploring hormonal treatments, but their long-term benefits in older adults require further evaluation.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gerontology
  • Metabolic studies

Background:

  • Aging is associated with complex alterations in the endocrine system.
  • Peripheral hormone levels, including sex hormones and growth factors, notably decline with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore age-related changes in hormone metabolism and production.
  • To discuss the clinical consequences of these hormonal shifts in older individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on endocrine changes during aging.
  • Analysis of hormonal level variations (e.g., estrogen, testosterone, growth hormone, IGF-I, DHEA-S).

Main Results:

  • Decreased levels of estrogen, testosterone, growth hormone, IGF-I, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Increased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG).
  • Minimal changes observed in adrenal and thyroid function despite complex hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/thyroid axis alterations.

    • Conclusions:

    • Age-related hormonal deficiencies contribute to reduced protein synthesis, decreased lean body mass, increased fat mass, insulin resistance, and higher cardiovascular risk.
    • Clinical manifestations include fatigue, depression, anemia, reduced libido, and impaired immune function.
    • The efficacy of hormonal therapies to reverse aging effects is still under investigation.