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Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves
Published on: March 9, 2014
[Multifunctional 14-3-3 proteins of plant cell]
Sabina Janicka1, Halina Augustyniak
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 5 Miedzychodzka St., Poznań, Poland. sabjanic@amu.edu.pl
Abstract:
The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of highly conserved proteins found in all eukaryotes - from the yeasts to mammals. They regulate several cellular processes recognizing unique conservative, mostly phosphorylated motif of partner proteins. Binding of the 14-3-3 proteins regulates their partners through a variety of mechanisms, such as altering their catalytic activity, subcellular localization, stability or altering their interactions with other protein molecules. The native 14-3-3 proteins are present in form of homo- and hetero-dimers. The most structurally variable N-and C-termini are responsible for isoform specific protein-protein interactions, and cellular localization. In plant cell, 14-3-3 proteins appear to play an important role in regulation of key enzymes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, modulation ion pumps and channels. They are also involved in signal transduction pathways and even in gene expression.
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