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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials

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Published on: November 15, 2014

Social exclusion decreases prosocial behavior.

Jean M Twenge¹, Roy F Baumeister, C Nathan DeWall

¹Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4611, USA. jtwenge@mail.sdsu.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

|January 5, 2007

Summary

Experiencing social exclusion significantly reduces prosocial behaviors like donating and helping. This effect is linked to decreased empathy, impacting cooperation with others.

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Area of Science:

Social Psychology
Behavioral Science

Background:

Social exclusion is a common human experience.
Understanding its impact on social behavior is crucial for social cohesion.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of social exclusion on prosocial behavior.
To identify the psychological mechanisms mediating this effect.

Main Methods:

Seven experiments manipulated social exclusion using scenarios of future loneliness or peer rejection.
Prosocial behaviors measured included donations, volunteering, helpfulness, and cooperation.

Main Results:

Social exclusion substantially reduced prosocial behavior across all measured types.
The reduction in prosocial behavior was mediated by decreased empathy.
Mood, self-esteem, belongingness, trust, control, and self-awareness did not mediate the effect.

Conclusions:

Social exclusion temporarily impairs emotional responses and empathy.
This impairment undermines the capacity for empathic understanding, reducing prosocial inclinations.
Findings highlight the critical role of empathy in maintaining cooperative social interactions.