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Pulmonary endarteritis.

Pradeep Vaideeswar¹, Milind S Tullu, Keya R Lahiri

¹Department of Pediatrics (Cardiovascular & Thoracic Division), Seth G.S. Medical College & K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|January 5, 2007

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Pulmonary endarteritis is a rare condition. Autopsy revealed this rare finding in two infants, one with sepsis and another with undiagnosed tetralogy of Fallot.

Area of Science:

Pathology
Cardiology
Pediatrics

Background:

Pulmonary endarteritis is an uncommon vascular condition.
It is rarely observed, even in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease.

Observation:

Two cases of pulmonary endarteritis diagnosed post-mortem are presented.
The first case involved a 3-month-old infant with neonatal sepsis but no congenital heart defect.
The second case involved a 13-month-old child with undiagnosed tetralogy of Fallot.

Findings:

Autopsy revealed chronic arteritis of the pulmonary trunk and right pulmonary artery in the first infant.
The second infant's autopsy showed rupture of the pulmonary trunk.
Both infants succumbed rapidly despite medical interventions.

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Implications:

This case report highlights the rarity and potential severity of pulmonary endarteritis in infants.
It underscores the importance of considering rare vascular pathologies in critically ill infants.
Further research may elucidate the pathogenesis and optimal management strategies for this condition.