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Changes in estrogen receptor-alpha mRNA in the mouse cortex during development.

Amanda K Prewitt¹, Melinda E Wilson

¹Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.

|January 9, 2007

Summary

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) mRNA expression decreases in the developing mouse cortex, while estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) mRNA expression slightly increases. ERalpha appears more critical for developmental changes in estrogen binding in the cortex.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Endocrinology

Background:

Estrogen is crucial for brain development, influencing cognition and emotion, and creating sex differences.
Estrogen binding is high in developing rodent brains (cortex, hippocampus) but decreases in adults.
Previous studies showed declining estrogen receptors in the cortex but didn't specify receptor type.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the developmental expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in the mouse cortex.
To understand the role of ERalpha and ERbeta in the developmental changes of estrogen receptor binding in the cortex.

Main Methods:

Real-time PCR was used to quantify ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA levels in mouse cortical tissue from postnatal days 1 to 25.

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Organotypic cortical explant cultures from postnatal day 3 mice were used to assess receptor expression in vitro.

mRNA levels were measured over 3 weeks in vitro to observe developmental patterns.

Main Results:

ERalpha mRNA expression significantly decreased in the cortex by postnatal day 25 compared to postnatal day 1.
ERbeta mRNA expression showed a significant, albeit very low, increase in the cortex by postnatal day 25.
In vitro and in vivo studies showed similar expression patterns for ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA, suggesting intrinsic cortical regulation.

Conclusions:

ERalpha plays a more significant role than ERbeta in the developmental decrease of estradiol binding in the mouse cortex.
The developmental regulation of ERalpha mRNA in the cortex appears to be controlled by intrinsic signals.
This research provides foundational insights into the mechanisms governing estrogen receptor expression during cortical development.